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Violations of U.S. export control laws and regulations carry stiff penalties. Criminal and administrative penalties can be levied, depending on the nature and seriousness of the violation. Moreover, these penalties can be levied against individual employees as well as the Laboratory.

Criminal Sanctions

Knowing Violations. For a violation where the violator has reason to suspect an action might be in violation of U.S. export control laws and regulations, but goes ahead anyway without checking, the penalty, per offense, can be imprisonment for up to five years plus a fine of $50,000 or five times the value of the exports involved, whichever is greater.

Willful Violations. For a violation where the violator has knowledge that the export will be used for the benefit of a sensitive country (to which exports are restricted), the penalty for an individual, per violation, can be imprisonment for up to ten years or a fine of up to $250,000, or both. For firms, the penalty for each violation can be $1 million or up to five times the value of the exports involved, whichever is greater.

In addition, the Comprehensive Crime Control Act gives the courts authority to increase substantially the Export Administration Act's criminal penalties.

Administrative Sanctions

For each violation of Export Administration Regulations, any or all of the following may be imposed:

• Revocation of export licenses. General denial of export privileges.
• Exclusion from practice.
• Imposition of fines of up to $10,000 per violation (for a violation of national security export controls, up to $100,000).

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Last modified: March 11, 2006